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Answer:
It is the user tier of the 3-tier architecture that consists of computers, phones, and other mobile devices that have browsers that request and process web pages.
Explanation:
Almost if not all applications that use e-commerce for operations use the 3-tier architecture. 3-tier architecture is simply the arrangement of server tier which consists of all computers that run a web server and a database tier that consists of computers that run a DBMS to store and retrieve data. We also have the user data that consists of computers, phones, and other mobile devices that have browsers that request and process web pages.
When you make a request, for instance to Google in your local browser, the browser sends a request to the internet. This initial interaction between the user and the internet is what is known as the user tier of the 3 tier architecture. Basically, it is the phase where end users access content online through graphical interface browsers and make requests to the web servers and DBMS.
Learn more about 3-tier architecture
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MOHR-COULOMB FAILURE CRITERIA:
In 1900, MOHR-COULOMB states Theory of Rupture in Materials which defines as “A material fails due to because of a critical combination of normal and shear stress, not from maximum normal or shear stress”. Failure Envelope is approached by a linear relationship.
If you can not understand the below symbols see the attachment below
f f ()
Where: f = Shear Stress on Failure Plane
´= Normal Stress on Failure Plane
See the graph in the attachment
For calculating the shear stress, when Normal stress, cohesion and angle of internal friction are given. Use this formula: shear stress = f c tan
Where,
• f is Shear Stress on Failure Plane
• c is Cohesion
• is Normal Total Stress on Failure Plane
• is Friction Angle