Well first of all, I think the students may have been correct.
If they didn't use distilled water, and if it wasn't exactly at
standard temperature, then the mass of 25.0 mL could
very well be 25.4 grams. We don't know that there was
any 'error' in their measurement at all.
But the question says there was, so we'll do the math:
The 'error' was (25.4 - 25.0) = +0.4 gram
As a fraction of the 'real' value, the error was
+0.4 / 25.0 = +0.016 .
To change a decimal to a percent, move the
decimal point two places that way ===> .
+ 0.016 = +1.6 % .
Their measurement was 1.6% too high.
Let's not call it an 'error'. Let's just call it a 'discrepancy'
between the measured value and the 'accepted' value. OK ?
Mass is the amount of matter in an object whereas weight is the force of gravity acting on the mass of an object. Different planets exert a different force of gravity on an object-meaning that an object's weight will change depending on the force of gravity acting on it, but it's mad will remain unchanged.
Average speed = (total distance covered) / (total time to cover the distance)
= (2,742 km) / (4.33 hours)
= (2,742 / 4.33) km/hr
= 633 km/hr (rounded)