Answer: B. They are a first line of defense that can begin killing pathogens immediately.
Explanation:
B-lymphocytes are not the first line of defense. On the contrary, innate immune cells such as basophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, Langerhans cells, mast cells are the body's first line of defence.
Answer:
Oxygen to us, climate/weather patterns, and provides us with seafood
Explanation:
Answer:
Mitochondria are tiny organelles inside cells that are involved in releasing energy from food. This process is known as cellular respiration. It is for this reason that mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell.
Answer:
D -- ATP synthesis when the phosphate donor is a substrate with high phosphoryl transfer potential
Explanation:
Substrate- level phosphorylation is the synthesis of ATP from ADP by the transfer of phosphoryl group from a substrate with high phosphoryl group potential to the ADP molecule.
In substrate-level phosphorylation, the donor is a phosphorylated intermediate molecule with a high phosphate transfer potential and it is a way through which phosphate in introduced into a molecule, the other two ways are oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylation. In substrate-level phosphorylation, a PO4^2- is transferred from a phosphate intermediate (substrate) to ADP to form ATP. Phosphorylase and kinases are enzymes involved in this reaction. An example is the reaction in glycolysis which involves phosphoenolpyruvate and ADP to form Pyruvate and ATP. This is to ensure adequate supply of energy to cells and also during anoxia so as not to make mitochodria strain the glycolytic ATP reserves.
16 neutrons are present in the most abundant isotope.
Explanation:
Phosphorus has 18 isotopes. The most common isotope has mass number (no. of protons 15+ no. of neutrons 16=) 31 .
