Zelda Sayre (Fitzgerald)American novelist; iconic figure in the 1920s; first famous flapper (per her husband's accord)Coco Chanel First designer to make pants for women. popularized boyish style for women. Forefront of France fashion after WWI. Thanks to her, tans suddenly became associated with the leisure activities of the rich and famous such as long cruises, island vacations, and other sunny pursuits.Charles LindberghKnown as "Lucky Lindy" and "The Lone Eagle," was an American pilot famous for the first solo, non-stop flight from New York to Paris in 1927 in the Spirit of St. Louis. In the ensuing deluge of notoriety, he became the world's best-known aviator.Al CaponeA leader of organized crime in Chicago in the late 1920s, involved in gambling, the illegal sale of alcohol, and prostitution. He was sent to prison in the 1930s for income tax evasion.Babe RuthThe greatest baseball player of the 1920's. He set a record for hitting 60 home runs in one season.Albert EinsteinGerman born theoretical physicist. Best known for his theory of relativity and his theory of energy equivalence. Received Nobel Prize in 1921 for physics.Duke EllingtonBorn in Chicago middle class. moved to Harlem in 1923 and began playing at the cotton club. Composer, pianist and band leader. Most influential figures in jazz.Bessie SmithSometimes referred to as The Empress of the Blues, she was the most popular female blues singer of the 1920s and 1930s.Along with Louis Armstrong, she had a major influence on subsequent jazz vocalists.Woodrow Wilson28th president of the United States, known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women's suffrage (reluctantly), Treaty of Versailles, sought 14 points post-war plan, League of Nations (but failed to win U.S. ratification), won Nobel Peace Prize.Nicola SaccoUnited States anarchist (born in Italy) who with Bartolomeo Vanzetti was convicted of murder and in spite of world-wide protest was executed (1891-1927). Was said to have robbed a shoe factory and murder a clerk and another worker.Marcus GarveyAfrican American leader during the 1920s who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and advocated mass migration of African Americans back to Africa. Was deported to Jamaica in 1927.Warren G. HardingSenator from Ohio chosen by the Republicans to be a candidate after WW1, The teapot dome scandal in which his staff members took bribes in exchange for oil land leases. in the 1920 presidential campaign his slogan was "return to normalcy"Calvin CoolidgeBecame president when Harding died. Tried to clean up scandals by Harding. Business prospered and people's wealth increased. 1923-1929Herbert HooverHe became the President in 1928, a man from Iowa, that promised to keep government intervention out of the nation's current economic problems.Henry FordAmerican businessman, founder of Ford Motor Company, father of modern assembly lines, and inventor credited with 161 patents.George Washington CarverAfrican American farmer and food scientist. His research improved farming in the South by developing new products using peanuts; taught and researched at the Tuskegee InstituteDavid SarnoffRussian immigrant and pioneer who developed NBC. Had a vision of a "radio music box" for home use that might also pick up the news. Head of RCA.Jeanette RankinFirst woman to serve in Congress. Suffragist and pacifist, voted against US involvement in WWI and WWII.Margret SangerAmerican leader of the movement to legalize birth control during the early 1900's. As a nurse in the poor sections of New York City, she had seen the suffering caused by unwanted pregnancy. Founded the first birth control clinic in the U.S. and the American Birth Control League, which later became Planned Parenthood.Alice Paulhead of the National Woman's party that campaigned for an equal rights amendment to the Constitution. She opposed legislation protecting women workers because such laws implied women's inferiority. Most condemned her way of thinking.Langston HughesAfrican American poet who described the rich culture of African American life using rhythms influenced by jazz music. He wrote of African American hope and defiance, as well as the culture of Harlem and also had a major impact on the Harlem Renaissance.Georgia O'KeefeChiefly known for paintings in which she synthesized abstraction and representation in paintings of flowers, rocks, shells, animal bones and landscapes. Her paintings present crisply contoured forms that are replete with subtle tonal transitions of varying colors. She often transformed her subject matter into powerful abstract images.
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Popular vote means that people vote for the president directly and is the easiest way to decide. People vote and the amount of votes for candidates decides who the president is. This type of voting is common practice in most democratic countries around the world and doesn't have anything between the voters and the candidates.
The electoral college system means that people vote indirectly. They vote for who they would like to win and then the electors who are the prime voters give the votes to the president. This creates the opportunity for the electors to vote against the will of the people and these people are called faithless electors. This system is used in the United States.
There are two primary jurisdictions and numerous sub-jurisdictions.
The first is the Original jurisdiction.This is the jurisdiction in which the supreme court is the first court where you go when you have a problem and there are numerous cases where the supreme court would be the first stop in trying to solve your problem. This means that no lower courts participate in these cases. There are seven types of cases where original jurisdiction applies.
1. First is when there is a dispute between two states. If for example North and South Carolina have problems regarding trade between the two states or there are issues in territories which are shared by the two states, they go to the supreme court and the supreme court decides which state is right and which has to pay up.
2. Second is in disputes where one side is the United States and the other side is a civilian. These are the famous cases which often historically have been about interpretations of the constitution and they go to court usually when people believe that the United States government has in any way damaged them.
3. Third is disputes between civilians from other states. If a person from Texas was having problems with a person from Utah, the supreme court would have original jurisdiction because the two states have different laws to some degree and their individual state jurisdictions do not apply to people from other states.
4. Fourth is when a crime regarding a federal law is involved. This is similar to cases where people go against the government but in these cases there is crime involved. A person usually commits a federal crime and can go to the supreme court. Sometimes even the government can commit something that can be understood as a federal crime.
5. Fifth is habeas corpus laws. Habeas corpus cases deal with false imprisonment. If a person has been imprisoned and believes that it's been an illegal imprisonment they can go to the supreme court and the supreme court can give an order for those people to be released if they really had been unlawfully imprisoned.
6. Sixth is bankruptcy. Cases regarding bankruptcy can be solved by the supreme court, especially when determining how much is owed or to whom or who is at fault for the bankruptcy. This is usually regarding big companies or anything similar since personal bankruptcy cases are too small to be considered by the supreme court sometimes.
7. Seventh deals with international trade disputes. For example, if the government made a trade agreement with someone else and the trade agreement is bad for the United States and the people, then the supreme court can intervene and they can cancel the trade deal if it is proven that it was bad for the country.
The second big jurisdiction is the appellate jurisdiction. Here, the Supreme Court does not have original jurisdiction which means that the cases came from lower courts. It is the highest appeal court of the country and if a lower court has made a mistake then the supreme court can decide what needs to be done if you decide to appeal.
The Civil Rights Movement occurred in 1954 to 1968.
