It is just what it says: the subject alone, stripped from an other words associated with it.
Ex.
The fancy red sports car in my garage is broken.
complete subject = fancy red sports car
simple subject = car
Answer: A college entrance exam was taken by nearly 100 students on Saturday. Results from the exam were received by the school’s principal who reported that the exam was failed by over half the students who took it.
Explanation:
The right answer is D,"<span>The path to my future career is arrow-straight: I have an unwavering commitment to helping injured animals live normal lives." </span>
C. so
The rest wouldn't make sense with that sentence