Religious freedom: they no longer had to follow one strict religion
Political: they had a democratic government where the power originates from the people
Civil: people could vote for who will be president
The best option as to what shift has occurred as a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union is "a shift from government-owned to privately-owned business," although it should be noted that this is a bit of a simplification.
It did not establish judicial review. Judicial review had been used in state courts and lower federal courts prior to Marbury, and ruled a number of times that some laws were unconstitutional. In fact, even the Supreme Court used judicial review before Marbury to decide that a carriage tax was constitutional (Hylton v. United States).
However, Marbury was the first case that the Supreme Court used to rule a law unconstitutional. They declared that a part of the Judiciary Act of 1789 which gave the US Supreme Court court original jurisdiction over writs of mandamus. The Court ruled that Congress does not have the authority to modify the Supreme Court's original jurisdiction, therefore, it was unconstitutional.
<span>In a way, by doing so, the Supreme Court actually took away some of it's power that Congress had granted it because the Constitution did not grant Congress that power.</span>
The last battle associated with War of 1812 was fought in New Orleans, although the final outcome of the War was practically a "draw" between the British and American forces.
