Atlantic Cod is a marine fish. The fish has less salt in its internal body while the salt concentration in the sea water in which the Cod lives is high. Thus through the process of osmosis ( a process in which an element moves across a permeable membrane from regions of high concentration to the regions of low concentration) the salt moves from the ocean into the fish body. In such scenario the metabolism of the fish body gets disturbed, and there is an urgent need to remove the excess salt with the help of Kidney (through extremely concentrated urine) by going against the concentration gradient in order to maintain the homeostasis.
<u>Temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, and the existence of any inhibitors or activators</u> are a few of the variables that influence enzyme activity.
- The rate of the reaction increases proportionally as the enzyme concentration rises. When diagnosing disorders, this feature is utilized to gauge the serum enzymes' activity.
- The enzymes are highly sensitive to heat changes because they are proteins. Unlike typical chemical processes, enzyme activity is temperature-dependent. Each enzyme has a certain temperature range where it is more active, as you have seen. The ideal temperature, which falls between 37 and 40 degrees Celsius, is at this point.
- When there is a certain amount of enzyme present, the rate of the enzymatic reaction rises as the concentration of the substrate rises until a limiting rate is achieved, after which additional increases in the concentration of the substrate have no effect on the reaction rate.
- The most accurate way to estimate a solution's hydrogen ion concentration (H+) is to use the potential of hydrogen (pH). Additionally, it establishes whether the liquid is basic, acidic, or neutral. In general, liquids with a pH of 7 or lower are classified as acids, whereas liquids with a pH of 7 or higher are classified as bases or alkalines.
- For optimal activity, several enzymes need specific inorganic metallic cations, such as Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Ca2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Na+, and K+. Anions are also occasionally required for enzymes.
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Answer:
all cells originated from pre existing cells
The larynx is mostly made of cartilage, 3 paired (arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform) and 3 unpaired (epiglottic, thyroid, and cricoid). The larynx is attached to the hyoid bone in humans and positioned lower in the throat. This decreases the nasality of the sound and increases the tonality as well as the resonance of the sound produced by the larynx which is required for effective communication.
