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3 years ago

The first term of a geometric sequence is −2 and the common ratio is 3. What is the fourth term of the sequence?

Mathematics

1 answer:

Nat2105 [25]3 years ago

5 0

Answer: -54

Step-by-step explanation:

The question is the first term of a geometric sequence is −2 and the common ratio is 3. The formula for finding the nth term of a geometric sequence is: ar^n-1

where,

a = first term = -2

r = common ratio = 3

n = number of terms = 4

The solution has been attached. The answer is -54

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If <img src="https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Crm%20%5C%3A%20x%20%3D%20log_%7Ba%7D%28bc%29" id="TexFormula1" title="\rm \: x = log_{a}(

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Use the change-of-basis identity,

$\log_x(y) = \dfrac{\ln(y)}{\ln(x)}$

to write

$xyz = \log_a(bc) \log_b(ac) \log_c(ab) = \dfrac{\ln(bc) \ln(ac) \ln(ab)}{\ln(a) \ln(b) \ln(c)}$

Use the product-to-sum identity,

$\log_x(yz) = \log_x(y) + \log_x(z)$

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$xyz = \dfrac{(\ln(b) + \ln(c)) (\ln(a) + \ln(c)) (\ln(a) + \ln(b))}{\ln(a) \ln(b) \ln(c)}$

Redistribute the factors on the left side as

$xyz = \dfrac{\ln(b) + \ln(c)}{\ln(b)} \times \dfrac{\ln(a) + \ln(c)}{\ln(c)} \times \dfrac{\ln(a) + \ln(b)}{\ln(a)}$

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$xyz = \left(1 + \dfrac{\ln(c)}{\ln(b)}\right) \left(1 + \dfrac{\ln(a)}{\ln(c)}\right) \left(1 + \dfrac{\ln(b)}{\ln(a)}\right)$

Now expand the right side:

$xyz = 1 + \dfrac{\ln(c)}{\ln(b)} + \dfrac{\ln(a)}{\ln(c)} + \dfrac{\ln(b)}{\ln(a)} \\\\ ~~~~~~~~~~~~+ \dfrac{\ln(c)\ln(a)}{\ln(b)\ln(c)} + \dfrac{\ln(c)\ln(b)}{\ln(b)\ln(a)} + \dfrac{\ln(a)\ln(b)}{\ln(c)\ln(a)} \\\\ ~~~~~~~~~~~~ + \dfrac{\ln(c)\ln(a)\ln(b)}{\ln(b)\ln(c)\ln(a)}$

Simplify and rewrite using the logarithm properties mentioned earlier.

$xyz = 1 + \dfrac{\ln(c)}{\ln(b)} + \dfrac{\ln(a)}{\ln(c)} + \dfrac{\ln(b)}{\ln(a)} + \dfrac{\ln(a)}{\ln(b)} + \dfrac{\ln(c)}{\ln(a)} + \dfrac{\ln(b)}{\ln(c)} + 1$

$xyz = 2 + \dfrac{\ln(c)+\ln(a)}{\ln(b)} + \dfrac{\ln(a)+\ln(b)}{\ln(c)} + \dfrac{\ln(b)+\ln(c)}{\ln(a)}$

$xyz = 2 + \dfrac{\ln(ac)}{\ln(b)} + \dfrac{\ln(ab)}{\ln(c)} + \dfrac{\ln(bc)}{\ln(a)}$

$xyz = 2 + \log_b(ac) + \log_c(ab) + \log_a(bc)$

$\implies \boxed{xyz = x + y + z + 2}$

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