Answer:
Adaptive immune defense system consists of lymphocytes like B-lymphocytes and T- lymphocytes. B-lymphocytes provides humoral immunity while T- lymphocytes provide cell-mediated immunity to the body.
99% of lymphocytes circulate freely in the blood and lymph. B lymphocytes differentiate into plasma B cells and B memory cells when interact with antigen presented by T helper cells.
Then plasma cells secrete antibodies in the circulation which binds to extracellular antigens through antigen-binding site. Then the bounded antigen is recognized by receptors present on phagocytic cells. This receptor binds the Fc region of antigen bounded antibody and destroy the antigen by phagocytosis.
Answer:
b. 80
Explanation:
There are about 4 calories per gram of carbohydrates. As such, if 20 grams of carbohydrate are provided, simply multiply 4 calories per gram with the total amount of grams of carbohydrates.
<em>20 grams of carbohydrates</em> x <em>4 calories per gram of carbohydrates</em> = 80 calories total.
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<span>They do not possess any skeleton at al</span>
Answer:
parasympathetic nervous system
Answer:
Restriction enzyme, also called restriction endonuclease, a protein produced by bacteria that cleaves DNA at specific sites along the molecule
Explanation:
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