It is b, because my teacher had once taught me about that.
Answer:
Economic
Explanation:
The Marshall Plan was a plan that primarily was created to help recreate the Economic structures in war-torn Europe & Asia. It was used to rebuild infrastructures, repair buildings, etc. It was also a political one, however, as it was used to keep those same countries from becoming communist, by giving them a "democratic aid", it would allow the countries to lean towards having a pro-democratic government.
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First question: he started making alliances after coming to power and a war did happen, so we have to choose amog the two other options:
give powerful and persuasive speeches
create industry and employment where none existed
I find that they're both true and that an even better answer would be that he gave people huge promises of making Italy great again.
If I can choose only one option, then "speeches" is better, since the other one required him to be in power already to do
second question: while the last option did happen, as minorities were persecuted, the major mechanism of keeping the population in control was controlling resistance, so the correct answer is the first one.
Spices allowed many Europeans to have more time on doing other things then shopping in the market. Spices allowed food to be kept longer, and so Europeans didn't have to shop as much. They also gave flavor to food that were usually bland
hope this helps