Answer: no
Explanation: The solute can move "downhill," from regions of higher to lower concentration, relying on the specificity of the protein carrier to pass through the membrane. This process is called passive transport or facilitated diffusion, and does not require energy.
Enzymes can be destroyed by variations in temperature or pH
Soil and air because it is needed for the development of living beings
It isn't Bacteria or Archea. They're just unicellular. Cork is dead.
Slime mold is the correct answer.