I do not really know but i think that the answer is c but wait for other people
Ans.
The first pass effect is defined as a phenomenon of metabolism of drug, in which drug concentration is greatly decreased before reaching the systemic circulation. It represents that fraction of drug lost, at the time of absorption of drug in gut.
Thus, the client is not receiving all the dosage of ingested drug (aspirin) because of the 'first pass effect.'
The forelimbs of all mammals are homologous traits, meaning that they originate from a common ancestral trait.
The correct answer is therefore C. Homologies (homologous traits), from the same common ancestor.
(To clarify, we know it is from a common ancestor because both bats and humans are mammals)
Do you need the definitions
