Answer:
I am pretty sure that it is Vertebrates for the first question.
Answer: The word X represents the organs which is no longer used by the species.
Explanation:
The word vestigial shows the characters that is not used by the species anymore. Example is appendix which is considered as a vestigial organ in human beings as it is no longer useful for the human body.
This organ was used when there was only vegetarian food available for the human beings to eat.
But now that animals and vegetable both are available there is no need for the enzyme required the digestion of cellulose.
So, this organ is vestigial for the human body.
Answer: The correct answer is A) Fertilization.
Fertilization is a process or event of fusion of two gametes ( also called reproductive cells that are haploid) that forms zygote, which is diploid cell. It is the first event in the formation of new individual.
The two haploid gametes are sperm ( male gamete) and egg ( female gamete), which are formed through spermatogenesis and ovulation respectively.
Thus, fertilization is the process that joins two haploid cells to form a diploid zygote.
It’s not so much that the alleles separate but more so that only one of the parental alleles is passed on. Let’s look at a monohybrid trait to make this easier to comprehend, and let’s say the trait is eye color. One of the parents has blue eyes, a recessive eye color, meaning both of their alleles for that trait are recessive. However, the other parent has brown eyes, a dominant eye color, meaning this parent could either possess one dominant allele that hides the recessive blue (let’s just limit it to two colors to avoid confusion) or they could have two dominant alleles. When gametes are formed, they consist of a combo of alleles, one maternal and one paternal. Meaning, in the case of the heterozygous dominant parent (or the parent with one dominant and one recessive allele) they could either pass on their dominant allele, giving the child brown eyes, or their recessive allele, giving the child blue eyes because they can only ever inherit the recessive trait from the other parent. The law of segregation essentially says that a parent cannot clone itself and create a child in its exact image but rather that the child would inherit one trait from each parent. This is why the child has two alleles for the trait and the parents both have two alleles for this trait. Hope this helps (:
Answer:
b. cis test
Explanation:
A test that is used to determine if the mutation associated with a given phenotype is due to mutations in two different genes or due to different alleles of the same gene is called a complementation test.
A complementation test is also called as a cis-trans test.
If the mutations in a complementation test are located on the same position then the genes are termed as being on the cis position otherwise on the trans-position.
A cis test, that is if the genes are located on the same position serves as a control for the complementation test.
