1.To produce organisms with new traits, breeders can introduce mutations (usually in bacteria) using radiation or chemicals, or they can create polyploid plants. Polyploidy describes an organism with multiple sets of chromosomes.
2.An outline of the relationship between mutations and genetic variation. A mutation is known to be a natural process in which theDNA sequences is changed in a living organisms. Although, genetic variation is the change in both alleles and genes, both throughout and amongst the population.
3. Assuming the traits are recessive, and this is not a case of incomplete dominance, begin crossing any plants you have. Hopefully, you will have two heterozygous plants (for both traits) and will see at least one trait show recessive in one of the progeny. If you are lucky, you will get two plants, one recessive for red flowers, one recessive for short stems. Cross the two, and you will get a completely recessive individual.
A. Bacterial cells would undergo this type of reproduction, Binary Fission. An asexual reproductive process where a single bacterium splits into 2 additional bacteria, each having the same bacterial DNA and or genome as the original bacterium.
