The answer is D, metaphase
Answer: muscle contraction of sustained force resulting from repeated action potentials. (Option A)
Explanation: Tetanus is also called physiologic tetanus. Tetanus refers to the contraction of the muscle, which is established when the motor nerve that supply nerves to a skeletal muscle produces action potentials at a very high degree.
However, tetanic contraction is usually a normal process (such as when carrying a heavy box). Also, muscles can be shorten, lengthen or remain constant length during tetanic contractions.
I believe that would be an open system.
Ionic bonds, hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds, and Vander waals forces.
In both the process of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle; yes ATP is produced albeit in a very low amount. Another byproduct of these pathways are the production of reducing compounds such as reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide (FADH). These reducing compounds are used in the electron transport chain to produce a proton gradient, and with a proton gradient, the enzyme ATP synthase will synthesize ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.