Fresh water is any body of water with a low salt concentration. Organisms in fresh water various challenges which includes; Osmotic concentration such that fresh water is permanently dilute and most cells cannot function at this concentration of ions. Varying temperatures, variation in oxygen levels and reproduction and life cycle due to permanence of habitat and physiological difficulty of regulating osmotic concentration in larvae and juveniles.
Answer:
The correct option is b. lower esophageal sphincter
Explanation:
The esophagus is the initial part of the digestive tract and its function is the transport of the alimentary bolus from the pharynx to the stomach, through the thorax and avoid the reflux thereof. It begins and ends in two sphincter structures, the upper esophageal sphincter and the lower esophageal sphincter, which separate it from the pharynx and stomach. The lower esophageal sphincter has two functions: relax during swallowing and prevent reflux of the gastric contents into the esophagus in the postdeglutory period. After swallowing, there is a relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter, pressure dropping to levels similar to those of the gastric fundus, which allows the bolus to enter the stomach. This relaxation lasts a few seconds and is followed by a strong contraction that prevents backflow of food.
Hi there!
I think bread turns moldy less quickly when it is kept in a refrigerator than when it is kept at room temperature because bacteria eats foods like bread and causes mold, and less bacteria grow in colder temperatures. Since less types of bacteria thrive in colder temperatures, it takes longer for less bacteria to create mold.
Hope this helps!
