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3 years ago

In which kingdoms are both unicellular and multicellular organisms found?

2 answers:

5 0

There were 2 kingdoms of unicellular organisms and the names of it was Archaea and Bacteria and three kingdoms of multicellular organismswas named Animals, Fungi and Plants

Monica [59]3 years ago

4 0

Protist and fungus only.

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Which is not part of the description for communication? A. sending a signal B. learning to signal C. responding to a signal D. r

Zanzabum

B. learning to signal

8 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Each presynaptic terminal contains ___________, which contain the neurotransmitter __________ that, when released, cause ligand-

Zepler [3.9K]

Answer:

The correct answers are: Neurotransmitter Vesicles, Acetylcholine, Contraction.

Explanation:

At the neuro-muscular junction, impulses are transmitted in the following manner:

The impulse is carried by an action potential (variable opening and closing of different ion channels located on the membrane of the neurons allowing variable ion movement) to the neuron at the neuro-muscular junction.
The action potential causes the opening of the voltage dependent calcium channels in the axon terminal of the neuron allowing the entry of calcium ions.
This causes the neurotransmitter vesicles containing the neurotransmitter acetylcholine to fuse with the pre-synaptic membrane.
Acetylcholine is released by the method of exocytosis into the synaptic cleft.
The acetylcholine molecules bind to the the cognate receptors present in the membrane of the muscle cell (sarcolemma).
This causes the flow of sodium ions into and potassium ions out of the muscle cell, which generates action potential in the muscle cell.
This action potential causes the muscle cell to contract.

7 0

4 years ago

Define embryonic stem cells. Explain the pros and cons of Embryonic Stem Cells

just olya [345]

Answer:

Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent stem cells derived from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst, an early-stage pre-implantation embryo. Human embryos reach the blastocyst stage 4–5 days post fertilization, at which time they consist of 50–150 cells.

Explanation:

Adult Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Pros

Trans differentiate and and reprogramming of these cells is possible but is not well studied

Thought to be less likely to be rejected if used in transplants

Success has already been demonstrated in various clinical applications

Can maintain and grow for 1 year or more in culture

Established protocols for maintenance in culture

ESCs are pluripotent cells that can generate most cell types

By studying ESCs, more can be learned about the process of development

Abundant somatic cells of donor can be used

Issues of histocompatibility with donor/recipient transplants can be avoided

Very useful for drug development and developmental studies

Information learned from the “reprogramming” process may be transferable for in vivo therapies to reprogram damaged or diseased cells/tissues

Cons

Limitations on ASC ability to differentiate are still uncertain; currently thought to be multi or unipotent.

Cannot be grown for long periods of time in culture

Usually a very small number in each tissue making them difficult to find and purify

Currently there is no technology available to generate large quantities of stem cells in culture

Process to generate ESC lines is inefficient

Unsure whether they would be rejected if used in transplants.

Therapies using ESC avenues are largely new and much more research and testing is needed

If used directly from the ESC undifferentiated culture prep for tissue transplants, they can cause tumors (teratomas) or cancer development

Methods for ensured reproducibility and maintenance, as differentiated tissues are not certain.

Viruses are currently used to introduce embryonic genes and has been shown to cause cancers in mouse studies

7 0

3 years ago

Each gene in the human genome codes for a single protein. True or False?

d1i1m1o1n [39]

The statement " Each gene in the human genome codes for a single protein. "is just wrong, as according to the basic knowledge of human genome, o<span>nly about 2 percent of the genome codes for proteins. This answer does make difference and clearly explaines why the previous one is wrong. Hope you will find it helpful!</span>

7 0

3 years ago

In DNA, the "rungs" between the two strands of DNA are formed from the

inna [77]

Answer: option d.hydrogen bonds between nitrogen base Pairs

Explanation:

DNA is called a Deoxyribonucleic acids, it contains hereditory information in the cell. DNA is located in nucleus of human cell. DNA consist of nucleotide strands that comprises of a sugar and oxyribose bound on a partto a phosphate group and bound on the other part to a nitrogenous base. The Nitrogenous base consist of Adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine which are complementary base Pairs. They are grouped into 2 distinct classes called purines (double-ringed structures) and pyrimidines (single-ringed structures). The nitrogenous bases forms a ladder and pairs with bases on the other side commonly called rungs. Each complementary nucleotides purine with pyrimidine are held together by hydrogen bonds.A hydrogen bond is a known as chemical bond that is relatively weak and occurs only between hydrogen atoms along with or and electronegative atoms, e.g oxygen, nitrogen e.t.c. Hydrogen bonds usually occur in short length or distances and are formed quickly or easily and ca also broken.

4 0

3 years ago