The three-dimensional extension of the Norwegian cyclone model includes warm and cold air streams called conveyor belts.
- The warmth from below will cause a cold air mass traveling away from its source region over a warmer surface to become more unstable. Upon passing over a cooler surface, the warm air mass is cooled from below, stabilizing it at the lowest levels.
- According to four major source regions with respect to latitude, air masses are frequently categorized. The four are tropical (warm and humid), polar (cold), and arctic (extremely cold) (warm). When warm, humid air from the south moves northward, it overruns the cooler, dry air that is located north of the stationary front.
- Due to the fact that cold, dry air is heavier than warm, moist air, this occurs. Such circumstances frequently result in precipitation in addition to dense cloud cover.
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Gene mutations can be positive, negative, or neutral. Suppose that the normal gene in Model 2 produced a polypeptide that was necessary for cellular respiration.
A) Choose a mutation from those in Model 2 that might be positive for a cell. Explain your reasoning by relating the mutation to the cellular respiration process.
Genes encoded in our DNA result in the production of proteins that perform specific functions within human's cells and various environmental factors and spontaneous events can lead to changes in genes, these changes are called mutations, can lead to alterations in the structure and activity of the proteins in the cells use. Mutations are the source of all new alleles in nature and arise spontaneously at low frequency owing to the chemical instability of purine and pyrimidine bases and to errors during DNA replication. Therefore,a gene mutation is a change in the sequence of nucleotides that occurs during cell replication (mitosis and meiosis) within a single coding section of DNA. Variations in alleles lead to variations in organisms within a population, cellular respiration, i.e. the reduction of inspired oxygen to water, which powers cell function, also generates highly reactive oxygen species that can damage DNA, with the purine bases G and A being particularly susceptible to this kind of attack,so Positive mutations lead to the organism having a better chance of survival, which means the mutation may be passed on to the offspring.
B) Choose a mutation from those in Model 2 that might be negative for a cell. Explain your reasoning by relating the mutation to the cellular respiration process.
Due to one's metabolism, the human body replaces every cell within the cellular respiration process and any mistakes can also occur in the transcription of mRNA or the translation of a polypeptide. However, these changes are considered to be negative mutations, because they are not permanent changes to the cell, however such mutations may lead to an early death probably before the organism can produce offspring.
Valence electrons would be found in the outermost shell of atom models!
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