She means that there were various different aspects that don't usually belong together and don't really fit, but they fit together in the end and managed to build a society that works, like a quilt that consists of many various patches that are disjunctive, but together they build a great quilt.
Transmission of communicable diseases
The dictionary definition is// a person's perception of having a particular gender, which may or may not correspond with their birth sex. In other words, you can choose who u want to be, male or female or other.
In ancient Mesopotamia the family was the basic unit of society that was governed by specific patriarchal rules. Monogamy was the rule, even though the nobility could have concubines. The purchase of wives from their fathers was common, but the practice became less common after 3000 BC.