Answer:
All these factors affect gene flow:
1. Differences in animal behavior and life history strategies can form effective barriers to gene flow.
2. The home range size of the specie can also serve as a barrier to gene flow.
Explanation:
Firstly, gene flow is the transfer of genetic traits from one population to another. It is an important process for transferring genetic variations from one population to another.
There are several barriers or factors that limit or increase this gene flow.
Gene flow can be affected by mobility or rate of dispersal. It is expected to be lower in species with low mobility which is the movement from one place to another or low dispersal and vice versa. So a population with a shorter home range size can't effective aid gene flow as they interact only with individuals of the same population and vice versa.
Gene flow barrier could be by physical barriers which is the isolation of a geographical location preventing them from exchanging genetic materials with the same species of the sane population.
This type of physical barrier is usually but not always natural.
Barrier to gene flow could be reproductive preventing transfer of genectic materials due to differences in mating period, season of birth and so on.
Another barrier could be difrerneces in customs, ethnicity, religion and clans.
All these factors affect gene flow but the 3rd and 4th option are not totally true as barriers to gene flow are not totally physical geographical barriers and not totally anatomical differences but also soil preference and other factors.
Thanks.
Answer:
The correct answer is Glomeromycota
Explanation:
Arbuscular mycorrhizae are characterized by the formation of unique structures, arbuscles, coils and vesicles of fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota. They are a type of endomicorrhiza in which the fungus penetrates the cortical cells of the roots of a vascular plant.
In this symbiotic association, the fungus helps the plant to capture nutrients such as phosphorus, sulfur, nitrogen and soil micronutrients. It is believed that the development of symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizae played a crucial role in the initial colonization of the earth by plants and in the evolution of vascular plants.
This symbiosis is a highly evolved mutualistic relationship found between fungi and plants.
Answer:
Limiting human use of nitrogen that is in the atmosphere.
Explanation:
