Among the given choices, the only positive effect that may be thought off with the increase in level of CO2 in the atmosphere is the increase of plant growth. Carbon dioxide is an essential compound in the photosynthesis of plants. Therefore, the answer should be letter C.
Having one theory is setting a limit on your potential and the potential of the overall theory and subject you are working on. Having multiple theories gives you a broader idea and perspective of what is going on, and even though one may slightly contradict the other, it is okay because that is what theories are for.
To the point, scientists usually have more than one theory so that they can gain a broader perspective on the matter and maybe even increase the chance of being correct on the matter.
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Melanin provides pigmentation to the skin and it also provides UV ray protection (which is its role in the epidermis).