Hi
Below are five major steps of DNA or gene cloning:
1: You chose the gene or specific piece of DNA you need to clone and cut the gene with restriction enzymes from the source organism.
2: You need to choose a vector for the process of cloning and you will cut the vector with same restriction enzymes through which you have cut your target DNA sequence to be inserted into the vector.
3: You place the target gene into the vector and join or seal the gene with vector by using an enzyme called DNA ligase.
4: You introduce the vector with your target gene into a suitable host organism such as yeast or bacteria through the process of Transformation. In this process host organism takes up the vector containing your target gene and starts replicating the target DNA along with their own DNA and thus creating millions of copies of target gene .
5: In the last step, the DNA or target gene is isolated from host organism and purified and is ready to be used since its quantity has been enormously increased through the process of cloning.
The cloning is also called as recombinant DNA technology and is the main process that is being used in the production of insulin for diabetes patients. You can see below image for better understanding.
Hope it help!
Fish nets can be very detrimental towards the ecosystem, as they can trap unintended wildlife, which can horribly tilt the ecosystem one way or another.
Answer:
It is essentially a broth culture filtrate of the penicillium mould.
Explanation:
- Alexander Fleming invented penicillin an antibiotic in 1928. These have been rated as the most important scientific discovery, being among the first antibiotics to be effective against bacterial infection.
- Penicillin belongs to different families that are selective against a large variety of bacteria.
- In fact, this antibiotic was discovered by fleming and accident in which he left a platter containing staphylococci open and was contaminated by green mould. There was an area of inhibited bacterial growth around the mould from which he inferred that the mould produced a material that inhibited bacterial growth. This was found to be a penicillium mould through further study.
- I assume penicillin is the most significant discovery so far because it was the first antibiotic ever discovered against bacterial infection in the absence of any drug.
Explanation:
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