In order to compute the percentage error we first need to know the absolute error of his measurement. This error is given by what Christopher measured sutracted by the actual length, wich is:
absolute error = 7.2 - 7.1 = 0.1 inches
To know this value in percentage we need to know how many percentage 0.1 inches is from 7.1 inches. So we can use a rule of three such as 7.1 inches relates to 100% as 0.1 inches relates to x%. We have: