Question

An externality is internalized if a. the person(s) or group that generated the externality incorporate into their own private cost-benefit calculations the external benefits (in the case of a positive externality) or the external costs (in the case of a negative externality) that third parties bear. b. people are made aware of it and realize that social benefits are less than private benefits (in the case of a positive externality) and that social costs are less than private costs (in the case of a negative externality). c. the person(s) or group that generated the externality do not incorporate into their own private cost-benefit calculations the external benefits (in the case of a positive externality) or the external costs (in the case of a negative externality) that third parties bear. d. b and c e. none of the above

Answer 1

An externality is internalized (a) if the person(s) or group that generated the externality incorporate into their own private cost-benefit calculations the external benefits (in the case of a positive externality) or the external costs (in the case of a negative externality) that third parties bear.

Explanation:

Internalizing the externality means transferring the burden or the cost of a negative externality (like pollution or traffic congestion) to inside(i.e external to internal).

• Internalization of externality can be done through taxes, property rights, tolls, and government subsidies.

• The only way of correcting an externalities is to "internalize" the third party cost involved but this market -driven approach is not feasible if the true monetary values cannot be determined.

An externality is internalized if the person(s) or group that generated the externality incorporate into their own private cost-benefit calculations the external benefits (in the case of a positive externality) or the external costs (in the case of a negative externality) that third parties bear.