Question

Griffith called the process he observed transformation because

Answer 1

Answer:

The correct answer would be the harmless bacteria had been transformed.

Griffith used two different strains of the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae - type-III-S or smooth strain and type II-R or rough strain.

Smooth strain had protective covering around itself (protect itself from hosts's immune system) and was able to kill the mice.

Rough strain did not have any protective covering around itself  and thus could be easily removed by the immune system Hence, it was not able to kill the mice.

In addition, heat killed smooth strain was also not able to kill the mice. However, when remains of it was added with rough strain then the blend was able to kill the mice.

Lastly, he was able to isolate living bacteria of both the strains.

He concluded that non-lethal type II-R strain was transformed into lethal type II-S strain by "transforming principle" (which we know today as DNA) that was supposed to be the part of dead III-S strain bacteria.

Answer 2

Griffith experimented and concluded that harmless bacteria could be transformed from one strain to another strain.

Further Explanation:

Frederick Griffith is a scientist who experimented with the mouse in 1928. He concluded that bacteria could acquire DNA by the process mainly referred to as transformation. In his experiment, he used two kinds of strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae. In this experiment, he infects mice with this bacterium.

Type-II R strain of bacterium is a rough strain and does not encapsulate with a layer of the polysaccharide. Another strain is Type-III S, which smooth strain and covered with the polysaccharide. This polysaccharide layer protects bacteria from immune cells present in the host. In this experiment, type-II S strain is injected in the mouse by the heat-killed method by which this strain has died. Type-II R is injecting normally and kills the mouse. Through this Griffith concluded that Type-II R strain is converted into lethal Type-III S strain by transforming principle.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Biology

Topic: Transformation

Keywords:  Transformation, mice, strain, streptococcus pneumonia, experiment, lethal, mouse, smooth strain, rough strain, transforming principle, normal, kill.