Amendment 13-abolition of slavery throughout us-Dred Scott v Stanford
Amendment 15-right to vote cannot be denied regardless of previous condition-United vs Reese
Amendment 19-women’s suffrage granted them right to vote-minor vs Happersett
Dred vs Scott-This case was about a man living in Illinois (a free state) with a slave (Dred Scott). When Dred Scott's owner died he became a free man, however Sanford's brother in law said otherwise. The laws said that he could be free, but others said that he was still a slave and that because of that he can't be a free man.
Us vs Reese-declared that the 15th amendment did not automatically protect the right of African Americans to vote (only listed the ways that states were not allowed to prevent them from voting)
Minor vs Happersett-presented herself at the polls in St. Louis in 1872 and when the registrar refused to permit her to vote, she and her husband sued him for denying her one of the "privileges and immunities of citizenship"; when they lost the case they appealed to the Supreme Court
I know this was a lot but hope it helped:)
The second one isn't criticism, it's just a fact.
The african american population of detroit grew rapidely as african americans migrated to the automobil manufacturing that was going on in detroit.
Answer: The challenge was then taken by Martin Luther, a German priest. He raised a strong voice against the power abuse by the Church and the Pope. Many followed his footsteps soon and supported him in his endeavor. This proved to be the immediate cause of the Reformation.
Hope this helps!
Your question actually had the correct answer already.