The difference between the highest and lowest frequencies in a band or collection of frequencies is known as the bandwidth. The bandwidth in a standard North American telephone circuit is 64 Kbps. The amplitude or height of the wave is altered by amplitude modulation.
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What do you mean by Telephone Circuits?</h3>
The standard line found in telephone circuits is this one. The frequency response of such a line resembles that of a low-pass RC filter. The telephone line loss and consequently the low-pass filter action increase in frequency as a result of the wires' increasing resistance, which causes an increase in I2R wire losses. 14 The frequency response of a 1 km-long, twisted line is reduced by 9 dB at 1 MHz and keeps going down for higher frequencies, Let's suppose that a straightforward, 1 km-long transmission system is required. A pair of 1 km long twisted copper wires may transmit data with a loss of less than 9 dB.
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Answer:
a. The Equal Protection Clause is a clause from the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The clause provides that "nor shall any State [...] deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws".
Its purpose is to apply substantially more constitutional restrictions against the states than had applied before the Civil War. Hence, in Shaw v. Reno, 509 U.S. 630 (1993), Supreme Court held that redistricting based on race must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny under the equal protection clause while bodies doing redistricting must be conscious of race to the extent that they must ensure compliance with the Voting Rights Act.
While in the case of Easley v. Cromartie, 532 U.S. 234 (2001), Supreme Court held that the State violated the Equal Protection Clause in drawing the 1997 boundaries was based on clearly erroneous findings.
b. In the case of Easley v. Cromartie, an appeal from the decision given in hunt v. Cromartie was filed in the supreme court of the United States by Easley. In hunt v. Cromartie, the court held that the legislature of North Carolina did not use the factor of race while drawing the boundaries in the twelfth congressional district,1992. It was held by the court that the legislature did not violate the equal protection clause of the constitution and no evidence to prove that legislature set its boundaries on a racial basis rather than a political basis.
In Easley v Cromartie the appeal was that drawing the boundaries for voting violated the equal protection clause of the constitution. The supreme court of the United States held that the decision of the district court is erroneous because it actually relied upon racial factors and this is not in the interest of the state.
In Shaw v. Reno the court concluded that the plan of North Carolina tried to segregate the voters on the basis of race.
Answer:
The answer is A. Not Human Subjects.
Explanation:
In this case, the research that the master's degree candidate has designed can be classified as a not human subjects research because, as it states in the question, she will not collect identifiers. This means that she will not be able to identify which data belongs to which convenience store owner, neither will she have data regarding the indentiy of the convience stre owners. Therefore, according to IRB committee, it is a not human subjects research.
