I didn’t see any of the following but I can say that one reason they use it is to record their findings
metaphase I'm not sure but I think it is the answer
If you're talking about eukaryotic cells then it's the cell wall. If it's a prokaryotic cell sometimes the slime layer secreted by some bacteria may harden and form a capsule around the bacterial cell.
Hope i helped!
sorry what this means¯\_(ツ)_/¯
The process is respiration as many organisms store energy