The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the pampiniform plexus of veins. The pampiniform plexus helps to regulate testicular temperature, allowing sperm maturation. It surrounds the testicular arteries and works as a countercurrent heat-exchanger system to cool the arterial blood before entering the testes. This is because the sperms can not develop if the testis is at body temperature.
Echinoderms, they are among the most common invertebrate animals in the marine environment of virtually any part of the world, among them we can find species such as sea cucumber , salmon and cod fish, they have chamois cloth like outer layer, then we have the Crinoids, another example of marine species with feather, popularly they are called sea lilies and feathery stars, they have a solid calcite skeleton; they were so abundant in the paleozoic seas that their remains formed large limestone thicknesses.
Answer:
Seawater is a complex mixture of 96.5 percent water, 2.5 percent salts, and smaller amounts of other substances, including dissolved inorganic and organic materials, particulates, and a few atmospheric gases, so it would affect the water negatively.
