The answer is D.
"An irregular galaxy is a galaxy that does not have a distinct regular shape, unlike a spiral or an elliptical galaxy. Irregular galaxies do not fall into any of the regular classes of the Hubble sequence, and they are often chaotic in appearance, with neither a nuclear bulge nor any trace of spiral arm structure."
There would be a decrease in formation of NADPH, that is used in the Calvin cycle.
Answer:
The ten percent rule, also known as the law of ecological tithe, has to do with the effective transfer of energy that occurs at different trophic levels, corresponding to the use of one tenth of the energy from the immediate previous level.
Explanation:
The 10 percent rule was established by the english naturalist Charles Sutherland Elton, indicating that the <u>transfer of energy from one</u><u> trophic level</u><u> to another is only 10 percent</u>. This means that the level immediately above can only use one tenth of the energy produced by the level before it.
<h3>What percentage of energy a dolphin would have after it ate a fish, that ate an insect, that ate some grass?</h3>
For example, if we say that grass produces 10000 Kcal, the insect that consumes it (primary consumer) will be able to use 1000 Kcal, the fish that consumes insects 100 Kcal and the dolphin that consumes the fish only 100 Kcal.
<em>Grass → Insect → Fish → Dolphin</em>
<em>10000 1000 100 10</em>
In the end the dolphin, a tertiary consumer, will only be able to produce 10 Kcal, when in the food web the producer had 10,000 Kcal.
The 10 percent rule is not entirely accurate, since the effective transfer can be less or more than 10 percent. However, in most cases, the average energy transfer is around 10%, which complies with the rule.
Answer:
Explanation:
Since the offsprings all exhibited purple phenotypic characteristics, It shows that in the gene coding for colour in the flower of the pea plant, the allele for purple colour is dominant over the allele for white colour.
It further shows, according to the law segregation, that the gametes produced by the purple and white peas are dominant and recessive respectively. This Indicates that the parent purple-flowered pea is homozygous dominant (PP) while the parent white-flowered pea is homozygous recessive (pp), hence all the offsprings will be heterozygous dominant (Pp).
Answer:
Stomata open or close depending on the urgency of the occlusive cells that form it. If they swell because they receive water from the adjacent cells, the stoma opens, as its cell walls buckle, with which gases enter or leave through the ostiole. If on the contrary, the adjacent cells absorb the water from the occlusives and these, ultimately, lose water, they become flaccid and the stoma closes, allowing neither the exit nor the entry of gases. Other factors that influence the regulation of stomatal opening and closing are the circadian rhythm (day / night) and the concentration of CO2.
Explanation:
A stoma is basically a pore that is used for gas exchange with the environment and the transpiration of the plant. It is surrounded by two cells, called occlusive or guard cells, these have chloroplasts and have a thickening on their adjacent surfaces. Stomatal movements depend on changes in the turgor pressure of the occlusive cells and adjacent epidermal cells. Stomata open when water diffuses through osmosis into the occlusive cells from the surrounding epidermal cells. As the turgor pressure increases in the stomatal cells, it induces them to swell and the stomata open. In contrast, when the turgor pressure decreases, the occlusive cells become flaccid and the thickened walls come together, closing the pore. Other factors that influence the regulation of stomatal opening and closing are the circadian rhythm (day / night) and the concentration of CO2. Guard cells regulate the opening of stomata by integrating different signals, both endogenous and exogenous (environmental).Stomatal opening occurs when the concentration of CO2 in the occlusive cell decreases as a result of photosynthesis, while it closes when this concentration increases, even in the presence of light. The plants implement a temporary regulation of the stomata to limit water losses during the CO2 absorption process, that is, the stomata are opened during the day and closed at night to prevent unnecessary water losses, since during this period, photosynthesis does not occur and there is no demand for CO2. With the first rays of sunlight, the plant again begins to photosynthesize, again the stomata open since the demand for CO2 is high. The stomatal opening favors the transpiration of the plant.
