Answer: B
Explanation:
If glucose and arsenate are both added to the cell extract, at first glycolysis will start.
In step one of glycolysis, glucose is phosphorylated to glucose-6-phosphate catalyzed by hexokinase which splits the ATP into ADP, and the Pi is added on to the glucose.
In step 3 of glycolysis, fructose-6-phosphate is further phosphorylated to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. The enzyme is phosphofructokinase. This again involves hydrolysis of another ATP molecule.
A total of two ATP is used.
Step 6 in glycolysis reaction which involves generation of 2 ATP's molecules is inhibited by arsenate. Hence all other glycolytic reaction would not take place. Therefore no ATP is produced and pyruvate is not produced also.
ATP level decreases because ATP is only used up but no ATP is gained from the inhibited pathway. Also the inhibition of the step 6 enzyme cut short the pathway and pyruvate the end product of the pathway is not formed.
Answer:
20%
Explanation:
cytosine = guanine = 30%
cytosine + guanine = 60 %
adenine + thymine =100% - 60% = 40 %
thymine = 20%
Answer:
Explanation:
The evolutionary tree is composed of,
- Lineages → These are the taxonomic groups of interest placed in the extremes of the lines called branches ⇒ Elephant species X, Y, Z
- Nodes → These are the ramification points, which are also known as divergence points. They represent the location of the most recent common ancestor ⇒ The red spot in the graph shows the location o the most recent ancestor between species X and Y
- Root → This is the older common ancestor that all lineages share. The first one in the tree ⇒ The blue spot in the graph show the oldest common ancestor shared by the three species
Two or more lineages are more related to each other if they share a recent common ancestor -In this example, X and Y are more related to each other-. This means that they all diverge from the same node.
Two or more lineages are less related to each other if they lack a recent common ancestor. This is, the node from which these lineages diverge is placed far away in the tree.
Answer:
active; prokaryotes
Explanation:
Active transport can be defined as the movement of molecules across cell membranes against a concentration gradient, i.e., from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration. Group translocation is a specialized type of active transport observed in prokaryotic cells. In group translocation, the transported substance is chemically modified during its movement, thereby the cell membrane becomes impermeable to this substance once it is within the cell. In bacteria, the phosphotransferase system is a type of group translocation that uses phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) as a source of energy to transport sugar molecules into the cell.
