Answer:
Sumer, located in Mesopotamia, is the first known complex civilization, developing the first city-states in the 4th millennium BCE.
Explanation:
The problem with the Great Depression of 1929 and the subsequent years
was that actually government did nothing to intervene. President Herbert
Hoover believed that government should interfere and that the market
will balance itself out. That is one of the reasons that President
Roosevelt won with a landslide with his promise of the New Deal.
In
2008 the government took a much active role in combating the Great
Recession. For example, the government even bailed out some banks that
were in trouble as well as provided emergency help. They also proposed
and passed many laws that would help prevent this kind of situation in
the future.
C. They avoided punishing Germany harshly
As they've learned in WWI,the ahrsh punishment would lead to the uprise of extreme powers like totalitarianism which finally lead to WWII,thus they did not punish Germany harshly after WWII
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Here's both of them on the map. You're welcome! I hope you find this helpful.