Hello. Sure why not. :)))))
D, L, N, R, S for the dominant alleles
n, d, r, k for the recessive alleles
AA, KK, TT for hom dominant
ee, qq, ww for hom recessive
AA, EE, RR
aa, rr,
Sweating (to try to remain cool) and increased heart rate (to help deliver oxygen to muscles faster)
Replacing lysine with aspartic acid is really a change in the primary structure (the sequence of the amino acids - think in a chain). But because they are really different amino acids, the effect is much more profound and will affect the tertiary structure of the protein.
Lysine has a basic, positively charged side chain. Aspartic acid has a negatively charged carboxyl group for its side chain. So, they are two very different amino acids.
Since the tertiary structure of a protein is a result of the interactions of the various interactions of the amino acid side chains, you have to think about what a swap of a basic positive amino acid with a negatively charged amino acid could cause.
For example, if the lysine side chain interacted in ionic interactions (i.e. attraction to a negatively charged amino acid), if you swap it for aspartic acid which is negatively charged it will now repel the other amino acid's side chain and that would disrupt the tertiary structure of the protein. It would also likely cause disruption to the quaternary structure as well.
If this change was in an important part of the protein (e.g. the active site of an enzyme) then it would likely disrupt the proper functioning of this protein.
If you wanted to make the least amount of change to a protein by making a mutation to that lysine amino acid, you would choose other basic amino acids which are histidine and arginine.
Answer:
A. One cell took over another cell
Explanation:
Mitochondria is an organelle present in a eukaryotic cell that performs the function of producing ATP molecules from the available substrates in the cell.
The mitochondria organelle has its DNA other than the cellular DNA which shows that it was once an independent organism. This was proved by the endosymbiotic theory that during the formation of the eukaryote cell, the proto-eukaryote engulfed the chemosynthetic bacteria which later formed the symbiotic relationship with the cell and evolved into the mitochondria.
Thus, Option-A is the correct answer.
