1. Introduction. This paper discusses a special form of positive dependence.
Positive dependence may refer to two random variables that have
a positive covariance, but other definitions of positive dependence have
been proposed as well; see [24] for an overview. Random variables X =
(X1, . . . , Xd) are said to be associated if cov{f(X), g(X)} ≥ 0 for any
two non-decreasing functions f and g for which E|f(X)|, E|g(X)|, and
E|f(X)g(X)| all exist [13]. This notion has important applications in probability
theory and statistical physics; see, for example, [28, 29].
However, association may be difficult to verify in a specific context. The
celebrated FKG theorem, formulated by Fortuin, Kasteleyn, and Ginibre in
[14], introduces an alternative notion and establishes that X are associated if
∗
SF was supported in part by an NSERC Discovery Research Grant, KS by grant
#FA9550-12-1-0392 from the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) and
the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), CU by the Austrian Science
Fund (FWF) Y 903-N35, and PZ by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme
PIOF-GA-2011-300975.
MSC 2010 subject classifications: Primary 60E15, 62H99; secondary 15B48
Keywords and phrases: Association, concentration graph, conditional Gaussian distribution,
faithfulness, graphical models, log-linear interactions, Markov property, positive
Answer:
-27+84n
Step-by-step explanation:
In this question weight of a flea and an ant is given, but their units are different. So comparing and finding out the weight of flea and ant would be difficult. First thing that needs to be done is to bring the units of both the flea and the ant under same unit.
Weight of flea = 8 decigrams
Weight of ant = 3 milligrams.
Now let us convert the weight of the flea from decigrams to milligrams.
We already know that
1 decigram = 100 milligram
Then
8 decigrams = 100 * 8 milligrams
= 800 milligrams
Then
The weight by which the flea is greater than the ant = (800 - 3) milligrams
= 797 milligrams.
So the flea weighs 797 milligrams more than the ant.
The correct answer will be 3.
Why?
If v = m + 3 what is m?
Well it's says that D = m/v and D = 3/6.
So if M is 3, what number can you add my 3 that is gonna equal to V (6).
3 + 3 = 6 and that's how I got my answer.
