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When a specimen is to be observed under the light microscope, scientists usually stain the specimens using different type of chemical stains depending on the type of specimen to be observed. Staining of specimen make the structures that are to be observed in the specimen very visible under the microscope, this make it easy for scientists to observe their structures.
When the cardiac muscle cell is at rest, the concentration of sodium and calcium is greater on the outside of the cell.
The resting membrane potential (the cardiac muscle cell is at rest) is characterized by more negatively charged inside of the membrane comparing to the outside. The main ions found outside the cell at rest are: sodium (Na+), and chloride (Cl−), and Ca2+ whereas inside the cell it is mainly potassium (K+).
The step of the cellular respiration pathway that can take place in the absence of O2 is glycolysis, glycolysis is an anaerobic that’s mean it’s does not require oxygen O2
The answer is: Glycolysis
