Answer:
<em>The question is incomplete, complete question is as follows:</em>
Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) allow people to shelter some of their income from taxation. Suppose the maximum annual contribution to such accounts is $5,000 per person. Now suppose there is a decrease in the maximum contribution, from $5,000 to $3,000 per year.
Shift the appropriate curve on the graph to reflect this change.
This change in the tax treatment of interest income from saving causes the equilibrium interest rate in the market for loanable funds to and the level of investment spending to.
Explanation:
<em>To decrease.</em>
Saving is the basis of the loanable finance supply.
<em>Decreasing the saving rates which families may shelter from income tax would deter saving on each interest rate, contributing to a change in the supply of loanable funds to the left. </em>
The initial interest rate is due to a shortage of loanable funds. The lenders will also be able to increase the interest rate which they charge for loans with more inclined borrowers than lenders.
Whilst the interest rates increase, the quantity required for loanable funds is declining. The equilibrium interest rate is increasing, and the equilibrium amount of borrowed and invested loanable funds is decreasing.
Answer:
4,513 approx.
Explanation:
The computation of the minimum number of jars of silver polish is shown below:-
Sales revenue for one jar of silver polish $5.60
Sales revenue for 1/4 pound of Grit 337 0.85
($3.40 × 1 ÷ 4)
Incremental revenue from
further processing $4.75
($5.60 - 0.85)
Incremental costs of further processing:
Processing costs $2.40
Selling costs $0.40 $2.80
Incremental contribution
margin from further
processing into silver polish
per jar $1.95
($4.75 - $2.80)
Point of indifference denotes the point where all options are equally profitable. But after that we will see that more processing is profitable. This is due to the fixed costs involved in further production.
Thus Minimum number of jars needed to produce to justify the further processing = Avoidable Fixed cost ÷ Incremental contribution
= $8,800 ÷ $1.95
= 4,513 approx.
First we calculate the return on equity(ROE) based on the Du-pont equation
ROE = Net profit margin * Total asset turnover * equity multiplier
Total asset turnover = 1/capital intensity =1/1.08
Equity multiplier = 1+ debt to equity = 1+ 0.54 = 1.54
net profit margin = 6.2% = 0.062
ROE = 0.062*1/1.08*1.54 = 0.0884 = 8.84%
Sustainable growth rate = ROE*(1- dividend payout)
Sustainable growth rate = 0.0884*(1-0.4)
Sustainable growth rate= 0.053 = 5.3%
Sustainable growth rate = 5.30%
The separating of recordkeeping from the custody of assets a limitation of an internal control system because:
- In example above, fraud could occur only if the two employees collude (agree to work together to commit fraud)
- Employee maintaining accounting records has no incentive to falsify records.
- Employee controlling asset will know if another person is maintaining records or not.
- The employee who controls/has access to an asset should not maintain that asset's accounting records.
<h3>
What is meant by Internal Control?</h3>
- Internal controls are the mechanisms, rules, and procedures implemented by a corporation to ensure the integrity of financial and accounting information, promote accountability, and stop fraud.
- Internal controls can help improve operational efficiency by improving the accuracy and timeliness of financial reporting, besides complying with laws and regulations and preventing employees from stealing assets or committing fraud.
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