Answer:
b. the marginal social benefit to exceed the marginal private cost of the last unit produced.
Explanation:
<u>Positive Externality-</u>
Positive Externality occurs when production or the consumption or of the good causes benefit to the third party.
For example, when the individual consume education in order to be uplifted and get a benefit but this education also benefits the society by uplifting the whole society.
<u>Positive externality causes the marginal social benefit to be greater than the marginal private benefit.</u>
Answer:
a. Long Cycle Theory
Explanation:
In international relations theory, the Long Cycle Theory was first presented by George Modelski in his book <em>Long Cycles in World Politics</em> (1987). Modelski claims that <u>the US replacing Britain as the leader of the International System after World War II is part of a cycle in international relations where one hegemon is gradually replaced by another over a period of roughly a century</u>.
The transition from one hegemonic power to another leads to the new world power carrying on the costs associated with such a position. And unlike defenders of the realist school of international relations, Modelski doesn't see this cycle as produced by the anarchy of the internationals system, but rather as a natural consequence of economic and political developments, including wars. According to him, Portugal was the world hegemon in the 16th century, Netherlands in the 17th century, Britain stretched his period of international dominance over the 18th and 19th century, and since the 20th century, the United States is the world's dominant hegemon.
Answer:
Gold, silver, and furs attracted European exploration, colonization, and competition in the New World.
Explanation:
a) gold
Answer:
<em>Applied Sociology </em>
Explanation:
<em>Applied sociology: </em>The term applied sociology is referred to as one of the branches in sociology that are being defined as using or utilizing the sociological skills, theory, research, and methods to the find-out solution of specific issues related to real-world settings. It uses ways to utilize scientific knowledge for solving practical problems.
<em>The above statement given in the question signifies the applied sociology.</em>
<span>This was a pseudoscientific diagnosis applied to black slaves who were wanting to run away from their masters. It was thought that, by running away from the plantation, black slaves were showing that they simply did not want to do the work that was Biblically intended for them. The idea that slave-masters could treat their help as equals was seen as a contributing factor, in the mind of Samuel Cartwright, the physician who conjectured this specific malady.</span>
