Answer: humoral immune response
The main antibody isotypes in the influenza-specific humoral immune response are IgA, IgM and IgG. Mucosal or secretory IgA antibodies are produced locally and transported along the mucus of the respiratory tract by transepithelial transport and can afford local protection from infection of airway epithelial cells.
Answer:
Fatty acids are long chain carboxylic acids, they contain the carboxyl, COOH, functional group. The general formula for a fatty acid is R-COOH where R represents a long hydrocarbon chain. If the hydrocarbon chain, R, contains only single bonds between the carbon atoms, the fatty acid is said to be saturated.
The second phage of cellular respiration is transition stage.
Process take place in transition stage:
The transition stage take place in mitochondria. The pyruvate is combined with NAD+ to form NADH and acetyl co-enzyme molecules.
After transition stage, Krebs cycle starts.
