Answer:
The identification and selection of activities to maximize the value of the activities while minimizing their cost from the perspective of the final consumer of the product or service
Explanation:
Activity-based management (ABM) is defined as the identification and selection of activities to maximize the value of the activities while minimizing their cost from the perspective of the final consumer of the product or service
D. The farmer saves money by not having to use any fertilizer
Answer: Carry out the Plan of Planning not to Plan.
As Fashion brand Zara is very popular clothing and accessories retailer. Its success as top 50 fashion brands is attributed to its unique approach of planning to achieve its vision of innovation and quality.
For ever changing style and trend, fashion industry is unpredictable, specially for brands and fashion lines. The changing trends in short span of time can cost high for business perspective as there can be huge restocking of seasonal production, if brands fail to identify future fashion trends in advance. To combat huge loss from such over stocking of production, Zara brand have implemented operational strategy to plan less. This is the Planning to plan less".
Most of the luxury fashion brands operate their production line based on prediction of what trend will be popular in coming months. This is risky plan, since fashion industry is very unpredictable.
Zara however devised unique plan to not plan. This way the brand does\t entirely plan the production line for next six months in advance, but only 50-60%. Rest of it, it changes according to the season. This way, Zara only have limited edition of certain designs and even less stock of those items. This way, the customer have to buy the items immediately after its launch because same item might not be there next time. This not only reduce stocking of production but also increases business as buyers constantly visit stores to but items which they know won't linger there for longer time.
The rewards require special performance, and are thus rarely obtained. If a goal isn't realistic people are less likely to try.