Answer:
A monarchy is a country that is ruled by a monarch, and monarchy is this system or form of government. A monarch, such as a king or queen, rules a kingdom or empire. In a constitutional monarchy, the monarch's power is limited by a constitution. But in an absolute monarchy, the monarch has unlimited power.
The term that is defined as “a legal doctrine that permitted racial segregation in public facilities" would be "Jim Crow", which was a series of such laws passed in the South after the Civil War.
Thriving cities, wealthy merchant class, classical heritage of Greek and Rome.
I think that the answer is C. Hope this helps