Question

Describe the hormone and signaling protein combination that produced the greatest and most prolonged response. For the phosphorylated STAT5 response that reached 100 percent at 10 minutes in Figure 1A, calculate the rate of decrease (percent decrease per minute) in the detected level of phosphorylated STAT5 from 10 to 30 minutes.

Answer 1

Answer:

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Growth hormone and insulin are protein hormones that regulates carbohydrate metabolism by hepatocytes(liver cells) through the activation of intracellular signalling pathways. Researchers investigated whether the two different hormones triggers the same or different intracellular signalling pathways in hepatocytes. The researchers added either growth hormone or insulin toparallel cultures of hepatocytes. At several time points after the hormoneaddition, they purified total intracellular protein from the cells and quantified the level of phosphorylated forms of two proteins involved in two  different signaling pathways.

rate of decrease = 3.25levels/mins

Explanation:

Insulin and protein kinase B interaction is the greatest and most prolonged response as is seen in the graph. Protein kinase B level reached to 100 after 30 minutes as insulin added while the level remained to near 80 even after 240 minutes.

The level of STAT 5 at the 10th minute = 100

The level of STAT 5 at 30th minute = 35

From 10 to 30 minutes, the level of STAT 5 = 100 – 35

From 10 to 30 minutes, the level of STAT 5 = 65

Duration = 30 – 10 minutes

Duration = 20 minutes

Rate of decrease = 65/20

Rate of decrease = 3.25 levels/min