Answer:
Internal validity. 
Explanation:
Internal validity is the study in which trust relationship is build between treatment and outcome. This relationship is known as <em>cause-and-effect. </em>
In this type research, the studies are based on whether the finding is questionable or not. The research which can overrule the possibility of alternative explanations of our findings is internally valid. 
The threats of internal valid study are:
- <u>Natural Improvement </u>
 - <u>Maturation</u>
 - <u>Historical Events</u>
 - <u>Placebo effects</u>
 - <u>Nonspecific effects</u>.
 
So, the correct answer is 'Internal validity'. 
 
        
             
        
        
        
<span>The correct option here is the third one. 
In 1789, the Congress passed An Act for the relief of sick and disabled seamen which in order to create additional hospitals for the seamen and to provide further medical care decided to deduce 20 cents from the seamen wages. This act marked the advancement of the human services in the United States as it allowed numerous seamen to get the treatment they required</span>.
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Partial lunar eclipse, hope this helps:)
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
Electoral polls can be considered as one of the most useful tools that the political class has to press public opinion. However, its inclusion as a tool of democratic government has always aroused, and still continues to raise, widely held opinions. From the beginning, different authors contributed their different perspectives on the advantages and disadvantages of this instrument helping to contribute to the construction of the public image of the electoral polls.
Thus, some scholars pointed out that the results obtained from the representative samples would reveal the benefits that could be obtained from the correct application of the new instrument. They argued that the reliability of the surveys was the fundamental axis of their usefulness and legitimacy, recommending their use as the method  more effective to improve a representative government. And they insisted on the importance of knowing and measuring public opinion at shorter intervals than inter-electoral periods. It also defended the scientific status of the surveys with the objective of being able to train them as a response to the government by public opinion and as a new instrument in the service of information.
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
Senate Commerce Committee 
Explanation:
The Senate Commerce Committee is responsible for "research and examination, on a widespread level, all subjects related to scientific and technological, oceans management, telecommunications, media, and consumer affairs, and comment forthwith from start to end."