Question

For the numbered site below, select the option that places them in the correct order.

Answer 1

Answer:

The correct order is:

4, 2, 1, 3

Explanation:

The list of options in this question depicts gene expression which involves transcription and translation processes.

Option 4 is simply describing the initial step of transcription where the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of a gene on the DNA and signals the initiation of transcription. RNA polymerase synthesizes a complementary strand of mRNA using the DNA it binds to as template.

Option 2 is a post-transcriptional process called SPLICING, which is the removal of the non-coding regions of a gene called INTRONS by enzymes called SPLICEOSOMES. This occurs in eukaryotic cell before the mRNA leaves the nucleus for the cytoplasm where translation will take place.

Option 1 signals the commencement of translation where a complex of ribosomal RNA and other proteins called RIBOSOME attaches to the mRNA molecule and uses the anticodons present in the tRNA to read the mRNA codons in order to carry the corresponding amino acid to the ribosome. The anticodons of the tRNA are complementary to the mRNA codon. At the end of translation, an amino acid sequence called polypeptide (future protein) will be released.

Option 3 tells us what happens after the translation process. The amino acids in the newly released protein are arranged in such a way that they make the protein a primary structure. The amino acids undergo certain modifications like folding that changesges the protein's structure from primary to tertiary.

Answer 2

Answer: 4213

The entire process is protein synthesis for gene expression.

The process  of  transcription  begins when the encoded protein information  from the DNA is transferred to the  mRNA.It begins when enzyme RNA polymerase bind with promoter region ( the point where the process of transcription begins) of a gene and initiates transcription.,the point where the process of transcription begins. The DNA double helix unwinds, the mRNA align and complementary paring of the bases occurs.

This is followed with the removal of noncoding part(introns) of the mRNA transcripts prior to translation  where;The spliceosome removes introns. This is essential because only the encoded part which contain the needed protein to be  transcribed is selected.

The mRNA is released, and leave the nucleus through the nuclear pore to the cytoplasm.In the cytoplasm the ribosomes with its two sub-units large and small  serve as templates for the mRNA with its anti codons and pairing  with the tRNA codons  in a complementary pairing for translation of amino acids to polypeptide sequence.

In the process of translation polypeptide chains of amino acids are formed as the complimentary  bases paired up to synthesize protein. Different levels of proteins are formed as the primary structure of the polypeptide chain undergoes hierarchical foldings to form the tertiary structure.

Explanation: