The growth of lymphoid tissue in the gut is fueled by TNFa. Because TNF/Rorc(gt)/ mice, who express higher amounts of TNF but lack RORgt+ LTi cells, also generate lymphoid tissue in sites of inflammation, the development of this ectopic lymphoid tissue was not contingent on the presence of conventional RORgt+ LTi cells. Surprisingly, these animals produced a number of lymph nodes that resembled those of wild type animals in both structure and function. When stromal cells were activated during the late stages of embryogenesis and when an organogenic pathway that permitted the formation of lymph nodes was activated, TNF generation by F4/80+ myeloid cells located inside the anlagen was crucial.
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sciencebiologybiology questions and answersConcentration Of NAD+ (umol/L) 4 8 12 16 20 Concentration Of Lactic Acid (mmol/L) OHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH...
Question: Concentration Of NAD+ (umol/L) 4 8 12 16 20 Concentration Of Lactic Acid (mmol/L) OHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH 4 8 12 16 20 Time (weeks) Figure 2. The Concentration Of NAD* (top) And Lactic Acid (bottom) In The Blood Of A Representative Treated Individual (a) Describe The Pattern Of Inheritance That Is Most Likely Associated With A Mutation In The MT-ND5 Gene. ...
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Concentration of NAD+ (umol/L) 4 8 12 16 20 Concentration of Lactic Acid (mmol/L) OHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH 4 8 12 16 20 Time (we
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Concentration of NAD+ (umol/L) 4 8 12 16 20 Concentration of Lactic Acid (mmol/L) OHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH 4 8 12 16 20 Time (weeks) Figure 2. The concentration of NAD* (top) and lactic acid (bottom) in the blood of a representative treated individual (a) Describe the pattern of inheritance that is most likely associated with a mutation in the MT-ND5 gene. Explain why individuals are not typically heterozygous with respect to mitochondrial genes. (b) Identify a dependent variable measured in the researcher's experiment. Identify one control that the researcher could use to improve the validity of the experiment. Justify the researcher analyzing blood samples at many intermediate time points instead of at only the beginning and the end of the 20-week period. (c) Describe the relationship between the concentration of NAD in the blood and the concentration of lactic acid in the blood during the first 5 weeks of treatment with the vitamin. Based on Figure 2, calculate the average rate of change in blood NAD concentrations from week 5 to week 17. (d) The researcher performed a follow-up experiment to measure the rate of oxygen consumption by muscle and brain cells. Predict the effect of the MT-ND5 mutation on the rate of oxygen consumption in muscleand brain cells. Justify your prediction. The researcher had hypothesized that the addition of the vitamin that is similar in structure to NADH would increase the activity of the mutated NADH dehydrogenase enzyme in individuals
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Question is incomplete as the options are not given.</h3><h2>
Question :</h2>
Which of the following is not a function of cerebrospinal fluid?
A) acts as a transport medium for waste products
B) provides cushioning for delicate neural tissues
C) provides buoyant support for the brain
D) produces ATP for impulse transmission
E) acts as a transport medium for nutrients
Answer:
D) produces ATP for impulse transmission
Explanation:
CSF doesn't produce ATP for the impulse transmission hence option D is the right option.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) performs following functions :
1) Protects the brain and spinal cord from trauma
2) It supplies nutrients to the nervous tissues
3) It removes the waste products from cerebral metabolism.
the <em>wavele</em><em>ngth</em> of light determines the color
<u>Answer:</u>
Scientist think colonies of Cyanobacteria called stromatolites were responsible for the introduction of oxygen into earths atmosphere is true.
<u>Explanation:</u>
- In primeval earth’s atmosphere, stromatolites (colonies of Cyanobacteria) are believed to have increased the level of oxygen by their photosynthesis process.
- These are the first known organisms that started photosynthesis process and produced the oxygen to the earth’s atmosphere.
- There is a theory that, these organisms produced oxygen in the environment and the organism disappeared that couldn’t live in the atmosphere with the oxygen.
- Scientists gave this a name called as “great oxygenation event”.
