Question

Glucose, a monosaccharide, is found in three different polysaccharides: starch, glycogen, chitin. There are differences between the structure and function of the glucose arrangement found in these polysaccharides. Which statement CORRECTLY identifies the difference in glucose structure in one of these polysaccharides?

Answer 1

these are the answer choices-

A) Glucose molecules are joined in a long chain to make starch that is easily digested for energy.

B) Glucose molecules are joined in long branched chains to make glycogen that allows for long term energy storage in animals.

C) Glucose molecules are joined in long chains with hydrogen bonds connecting multiple chains to make cellulose which is easily broken down for quick digestion.

D) Glucose molecules with attached amino groups are joined in long chains by a peptide bond to make chitin which makes up the cell wall of some bacteria and fungi.

Answer 2

Answer:

The statements are not given so we'll just differentiate these 3 polysaccharides:

Glycogen and Starch

For starch and glycogen, they are known as storage polysaccharides for plants and animals, respectively. They are similar in terms of the glucose bonds used in the initial arrangement. The glucose isomer has a hydroxyl (-OH) group attached to C1. Amylose and amylopectin are present in glycogen and starch. In contrast, glycogen contains more amylopectin with frequent branching than starch.

Amylose

The monomers of glucose are linked by 1,4 glycosidic bonds. These links  produce an unbranched polysaccharide which transforms into a helix.

Amylopectin

The 2 types of glycosidic bonds in amylopectin are 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds. Due to the presence of the two bonds, it's now considered as a branched polysaccharide. Glycogen contains more of amylopectin compared to starch.

Chitin

Chitin is also a polysaccharide made from glucose. It is seen usually in the cell walls of fungi and hard exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans. It is an unbranched polymer made from N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (NAG) linked by beta-glycosidic bond. Recent studies have used chitin as a treatment for osteoarthritis and immunomodulation.