The early change that the system makes in an effort to cope with an obstruction is that the stretch receptors in the bladder wall become hypersensitive. Urinary tract obstruction is a blockage that inhibits the flow of urine through the urinary tract, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The blockage mat be partial or complete. In response to the obstruction the urinary system is capable of undergoing adaptive changes or responses to compensate for the obstruction.
Answer:
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Answer: Sieve tubes and cytoplasm.
Explanation:
Answer:
The majority of an atoms' mass comes from the protons and neutrons that make up its nucleus. Electrons are the least massive of an atom's constituent particles, with a mass of 9.11 x 10-31 kg and a size too small to be measured by current techniques.
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Answer:NADH donates it electron to complex I a higher energy level than other complexes while FADH donates it electron to complex II a lower energy complex.
Explanation:
Both NADH and FADH are shuttle of high energy electrons originally extracted from food into the inner mitochondrial membrane.
NADH donate it electron to a flavoprotein consisting of FMN prosthetic group and an iron-sulphur protein in ETC complex-I. Two electrons and one hydrogen ion are are transferred from NADH to the flavin prosthetic group of the enzyme.
While the electrons from FADH2 enters the ETC (electron transport chain) at the level of co-enzyme Q (complex II). This step does not librate enough energy to act as a proton pump.
So NADH produces 2.5 ATP during the ETC and oxidative phosphorylation because it donates its electron to Complex I, which pump more electrons across the membrane than other complexes.
