In 1962 Sir McFarland Burnett stated, ‘By the end of the Second World War it was possible to say that almost all of the major practical problems of dealing with infectious disease had been solved.’ At that time, his statement was logical. Control and prevention measures had decreased the incidence of many infectious diseases, and with the ability to continue to identify new antibiotics, to handle new problems, and the ongoing development of appropriate vaccines, his statement appeared to be appropriate.
In the US, similar feelings were expressed and funding for infectious disease fellowships began to decline with federal resources being directed elsewhere.
The history of the world is intertwined with the impact that infectious diseases have had on populations. Evidence of smallpox has been found in 3000-year-old Egyptian mummies. Egyptian papyrus paintings depict infectious diseases such as poliomyelitis. Hippocrates wrote about the spread of disease by means of airs, water, and places, and made an association between climate, diet, and living conditions. Investigators described miasmas as the source of infections. Fracastoro discussed the germ theory in the 1500s and three routes of contagion were proposed—direct contact, fomites, and contagion from a distance (airborne). Epidemics of leprosy, plague, syphilis, smallpox, cholera, yellow fever, typhoid fever, and other infectious diseases were the norm.
The development of the microscope by Leeuwenhoek in the 1600s allowed scientists to visualize micro-organisms for the first time. The 1800s brought knowledge of the cultivation and identification of micro-organisms. Vaccines were developed and used which introduced specific methods to our storehouse of measures for control and prevention. Pasteurization was another important contribution to disease control. An appreciation of the environment and its relationship to infectious diseases resulted in implementation of broad control measures such as community sanitation, personal hygiene, and public health education. The importance of nutrition was appreciated for its impact on infectious diseases.
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Answer:
The clinical trial show efficacy and safety.
Explanation:
There are tests that are done to make sure that the drug, vaccine, etc. works. The effectivness is called efficacy. In order for a drug to be apporved it has to be safe and effective. If it fails this test, it is not approvable.
Answer: Yes, These could help.
Explanation:
The chemical composition of salt is made by an acid and a base, in general it doesn't cause any good reaction in our bodies, just adds taste to the food but no more, and basically for its chemical composition it could increade the blood preasure level, other important fact is, during the salt's process extraction, this is mixed with other chemicals to make it lighter and whiter, and at the end all this chemicals flow into our blood system, acidifying our body and increasing blood preasure.
The outcome I would expect if this guideline line was followed is a positive outcome since children usually tend to look up to older people they would follow and do the same.
