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iris [78.8K]
3 years ago
12

How does atom electronegativity affect bond character and molecular polarity?

Chemistry
2 answers:
Alexxx [7]3 years ago
7 0

Explanation:

Electronegativity is defined as the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself.

When atoms of a compound or molecule attain partial charges due to the difference in their electronegativity then it is known as molecular polarity.

More is the electronegativity of the combining atoms more ionic bond character the compound will have.

For example, HCl is an ionic compound.

Whereas less is the difference between electronegativity of combining atoms more covalent character the compound will have.

For example, SF_{6} is a covalent compound.

vitfil [10]3 years ago
4 0
A bigger difference in electronegativity between two molecules means higher polarity and a stronger bond. Electronegativity increases on the periodic table as you go up a group and to the right. Ex: CsF has a very high polarity
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Problem page gaseous ethane ch3ch3 will react with gaseous oxygen o2 to produce gaseous carbon dioxide co2 and gaseous water h2o
iVinArrow [24]

m(\text{CO}_2) = 2.24 \; \text{g}

Ethene react with oxygen at a 2 : 7 molar ratio:

2\; \text{C}_2 \text{H}_6 (g) + 7\; \text{O}_2 (g) \to 6\; \text{H}_2{O} (g) + 4\; \text{CO}_2 (g)

Convert the quantity of each reactant supplied to number of moles of particles:

  • n(\text{C}_2\text{H}_6) = 0.60 \; \text{g} / 28.05 \; \text{g} \cdot \text{mol}^{-1} =  0.0214 \; \text{mol}
  • n(\text{O}_2) = 3.27 \; \text{g} / 32.00 \; \text{g} \cdot \text{mol}^{-1} =  0.102 \; \text{mol}

The question stated not whether both reactants were used up in this process. Thus start by testing the assumption that e.g., ethene was used up while some oxygen gas were left unreacted (ethene as the <em>limiting </em>reagent.) Under this assumption, the relative availability of the two species, n(\text{C}_2 \text{H}_6) /2 and n(\text{O}_2) /7 (as seen in the balanced chemical equation) shall satisfy the relationship

n(\text{O}_2) / 7 - n(\text{C}_2 \text{H}_6) / 2 > 0

In other words,

n(\text{O}_2)/7 > n(\text{C}_2 \text{H}_6)/2

n(\text{C}_2 \text{H}_6) / n(\text{O}_2) < 2/7 \approx 0.286

Evaluating the expression n(\text{C}_2 \text{H}_6) / n(\text{O}_2) with data given in the question yields approximately 0.210 < 0.286, which does satisfy the relationship. Hence the assumption holds and ethene is the limiting reactant.

The quantity of a reactant produced in a chemical reaction is related to its stoichiometric (of relating to proportions) relationship with the limiting reactant (or any of the reactants in case of more than one limiting reactant.) For this scenario, given the molar ratio n(\text{C}_2\text{H}_6) : n( \text{CO}_2) = 2:4,

n(\text{CO}_2) = n(\text{C}_2\text{H}_6) \cdot (2 / 4) = 0.0510 \; \text{mol}

m(\text{CO}_2) = 0.0510 \; \text{mol} \times 44.01 \; \text{g} \cdot  \text{mol}^{-1} = 2.24 \; \text{g}

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A fatty acid which contains only single covalent bonds between its carbon atoms is unsaturated.
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What is the general formula for alkenes?<br> CnH2n-2<br> CnH₂n<br> CnH2n-1<br> CH 2n-2
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Answer:

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The formation of tert-butanol is described by the following chemical equation: Suppose a two-step mechanism is proposed for this
const2013 [10]

Answer:

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Explanation:

This reaction has to do with SN1 reaction of alkyl halides. Here tert-butanol is formed from tert-butyl bromide.

The first step in the reaction is the formation of a carbocation. This is a unimolecular reaction. The rate of reaction depends on the concentration of the alkyl halide. This is a slow step and thus the rate determining step in the mechanism.

(CH3)3CBr -------> (CH3)3C^+ + Br^-

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(CH3)3C^+ + OH^-  --------> (CH3)3COH

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