The statement that provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life is near universality of the genetic code (option A).
<h3>What is the genetic code?</h3>
Genetic code is the set of rules by which the sequence of bases in DNA are translated into the amino acid sequence of proteins.
The genetic code has the following characteristics:
- The genetic code is universal i.e all known living organisms use the same genetic code.
- The genetic code is unambiguous i.e. each codon codes for just one amino acid (or start or stop)
- The genetic code is redundant i.e. most amino acids are encoded by more than one codon.
Therefore, the statement that provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life is near universality of the genetic code.
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Answer:
1. Obtaining energy
2. responding to a stimulus
3. reproduction
4. excretion
Explanation:
1. All living organisms require energy for their life processes. This energy is derived from food. The food we eat contains biomolecules that store energy. The energy stored by these food molecules is released by a process called RESPIRATION. Image 1 shows a cat trying to obtain energy by feeding. The food will eventually be broken down to release energy.
2. Stimulus is any thing (whether internal or external) that causes a change in an organism. In image 2, a man is responding to a sudden change in his back, which is pain.
3. Reproduction is a characteristics of living organisms that involves the production of young ones. Image 3 depicts two cells undergoing fertilization (fusion of nuclei) to produce a new cell. In turn, the cell divides again to form two gametes. The cycle continues like that.
4. Excretion is the removal of waste products from a cell. According to Image 4, the cell allows a food particle in and releases the waste contents out of the cell.
The nucleus is the largest and the most important cell organelle in a eukaryotic cell. A nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that houses the genetic material of eukaryotes in DNA. The nucleus consists of protein fibres or the DNA inside chromatin fibres. Nucleoids contain the genetic material of prokaryotes in the cytoplasm. The nucleoids usually consist of a single chromosome.
Let us look at more difference between nucleus and nucleoid in the table given below.