Solution :
Given :
The bonds offer a 
of 4.5% per year
Tax rate = 10% = 0.10
Inflation rate = 2
= + 
= 2 + 4.5
= 6.5
= 
= 
= 5.85
After tax real interest rate = 
-
= 5.85 - 2.0
= 3.85
= 7.0
= +
= 7 + 4.5
= 11.5
= 
= 10.35
= 11.5 x (1 - 0.10)
= 11.5 x 0.90
= 10.35
= -
= 10.35 - 7.0
= 3.35
Putting all the value in table :
Real interest Nominal interest After tax nominal After tax
rate rate interest rate interest rate
2.0 4.5 6.5 5.85 3.85
7.0 4.5 11.5 10.35 3.35
Comparing with the 
, a 
will increase the after after tax real interest rate when the government taxes nominal interest income. This tends to encourage saving, thereby increase the quantity of investment in the economy and the increase the economy's long-run growth rate.
Disruptive innovation are changes in products, services or processes that radically change an industry's rules of the game. By doing this, they are able to create a new market or change the value to an existing market. The disrupt the existing market and value by improving products or services.
Answer:
B. One year or the operating cycle, whichever is longer.
Explanation:
Current Assets are assets that can be converted into cash within a year or an operating cycle whichever is longer.
Current Assets are presented first on a balance sheet and arranged in order of liquidity.
Examples of current assets are cash ,
cash equivalents , short-term investments, accounts receivable and stock inventory.
I hope my answer helps you
Answer: Matched pairs design
Explanation:
A matched pairs design is a type of study used when 2 treaments are present in an experiment. The individuals in the design can be divided into pairs using a blocking variable, and each pair can then be allocated to treatments at random. This is thus a special type of randomized block design.
In this case the blocking variable can be the various urban areas as 1968 is matched against 1972. Each city can be compared based on 2 measurements. From their each individual can be grouped into pairs and allocated to different treatments.
